The French word for turnip is 'navet', and this name has a long history. It comes from Latin 'napus' (also meaning turnip), which comes from Ancient Greek 'νᾶπυ' (napu) meaning mustard, which is itself possibly from Egyptian. Though the point of origin for the vegetable seems to have been Europe or Asia. The English name 'turnip' is also born of Latin 'napus', which became 'nepe' in Middle English, and finally morphed into turned (rounded) nepe, or turnip.
Bonus:
The 'nip' suffix is also the reason for 'parsnip', which was a portmanteau of Latin 'pastinum' (a type of fork) and 'nepe'.
Bonus 2:
Speaking of portmenteaus, Wikipedia has a list.
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