A Marian Column is, quite simply, a column topped with a statue of the Virgin Mary. They can today be found in many European cities. One of the first such columns can be found in front of the Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore in Rome. The column was erected 1614, though it had previously belonged to the Basilica of Maxentius, completed in 312 AD. Two earthquakes (in 847 and 1349) destroyed the entirety of the ancient Basilica, except for the one column which stands to this day in front of the Santa Maria Maggiore Basilica.
Bonus:
Marienplatz, a public square in Munich, takes its name from its own Marian Column, erected in 1638, and inspired by the one in Rome.
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